Market Structure

Market structure describes the organization and characteristics of a market, especially how firms compete, set prices, and produce goods or services.

It explains how a market works and how much power firms have.

Market structure and firm behavior

Market structure affects:

  • Pricing strategies
  • Output decisions
  • Innovation and R&D
  • Efficiency and consumer welfare

Key takeaway

Market structure determines competition intensity, pricing power, and economic efficiency.

Understanding market structure helps businesses, investors, and policymakers make better decisions.